Climate CHANGE : (by: K. S. B I R D I ) 

The climate (for example temperature) , suurounding the earth, has varied (become cooler) since the creation (when earth was a very high temperature hot lava-like). Climate, i.e. temperature, on earth changes constantly from space/time. 

However, climate change also includes other natural/manmade effects::wind (speed; direction), which impacts the average temperature.Mankind has survived many big*/small natural catastrophes over these thousands of years. 

This shows that evolution process has reached a pseudo-stable state (because there are observed many natural catastrophes).. 

This includes chemical evolution ( including CO2).

Concentration of CO2 in atmosphere is in equilibrium with its concentration in the oceans/lakes/rivers.

Concentration of CO2 (in atmosphere and oceans) has varied since the creation of living species--food on earth.

The amount of CO2 in oceans is very large, and actually it controls the chemical equilibrium. 

Mankind has added some CO2 to this equilibrium, but it is insignificant. Furthermore, the chemistry of CO2 in oceans is complex and relatively little understood. 

Current conc entration of CO2 is around 400 ppm (0.04%), and minimum concentration in atmosphere needed for plant growth is estimated to be over 200 ppm (0.02%). Based on this fact, thus one should be content that CO2 concentration in atmosphere is stable (increasing slowly over the past century) and not decreasing.

SURFACE

&

COLLOID CHEMISTRY

THE ROLE OF SURFACE CHEMISTRY

HANDBOOKS ON :

SURFACE & COLLOID CHEMISTRTY

 

HANDBOOK OF SURFACE & COLLOID CHEMISTRY IS AN EXHAUSTIVE COMPILATION OF MOST IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC THEORETICAL-APPLIED DATA IN LITERATURE

 

<SCIENTIFICALLY WIDELY RECOGNIZED

<WORLD REKNOWN CONTRIBUTION

<COMPREHENSIVE REFERENCES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

<MASS BALANCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE RELEVANT TO EARTH & CLIMATE ASPECTS>

 

 

 

 

 

 

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FRACTALS IN GEOCHEMISYTRY

 

FRACTALS ARE FOUND IN THE DESCRIPTION OF ALL KINDS OF SHAPES OR PATTERNS OR COLLOIDAL AGGREGATES.